Sol'n hwk 3 and 4: With equidistant nodes, the lower bound is: 1.13272 the upper bound is: 1.61349 There are many choices for pblm #4, depending on the nodes. I have done something that goes far beyond Calc 2, namely I have determined the choices of nodes that give the best (smallest) upper bound and the best (largest) lower bound that is possible with 10 intervals. This job requires to solve a minimax problem, not with one variable (as in calc 1), but with nine variables, and I did it numerically. (Not checking the ``second derivative'' however as I ought to have done...) Here are the results: The best upper bound is: 1.55743 obtained with the nodes (rounded to 3 decimals) 0.420, 0.667, 0.914, 1.185, 1.501, 1.882, 2.360, 2.983, 3.822 These nodes give the (good but not best) lower bound 1.19107 The best lower bound is: 1.20027 obtained with the nodes (rounded to 3 decimals) 0.278, 0.507, 0.736, 0.987, 1.279, 1.636, 2.095, 2.717, 3.611 These nodes give the (good but not best) upper bound 1.56478 The actual value of the integral (also obtained by means that are yet ahead in class) is 1.3734 There are certainly examples where the effect of choosing good nodes is more pronounced; here I selected a rather simple example just for the principle.